青少年特发性脊柱侧弯非手术治疗研究进展

特发性脊柱侧弯是一类常见的脊柱三维畸形,在青少年中发病率最高,由于病因尚未明确,故称其为特发性。该病一旦被确诊,首先要考虑的是手术或非手术治疗的选择。手术治疗虽然在短期内效果明显,但存在费用高、风险大、并发症多等缺点,在疾病早期不宜作为首选,因此早期的非手术治疗被广泛讨论。本文通过对国内外相关文献的研究,将青少年特发性脊柱侧弯非手术治疗的进展作一简单阐述。     

手术室护士睡眠状况与嗜睡的相关性研究

目的 了解手术室护士的睡眠现状,探讨其睡眠状况与嗜睡的相关性。方法 采用问卷调查的方法对上海中医药大学附属曙光医院2016年3月~5月135名手术室护士进行睡眠状况的调查,并对相关数据进行分析。结果 共收回有效问卷135份,PSQI得分为（8.43±4.12）分,其中得分＞7者占57.78%;ESS得分为（7.35±2.13）分。手术室护士的睡眠质量与其年龄、婚姻、夜班、工作年限呈正相关,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 制定科学合理的班次,提供良好的社会及同事支持系统,帮助手术室护士调整心态,积极应对,养成健康的生活方式以提高睡眠质量。     

Quality of Life in Cushing's disease: A long term issue?

The purpose of this review is to describe how quality of life (QoL) is impaired in patients with hypercortisolism due to Cushing's syndrome of any aetiology, including pituitary-dependent Cushing's disease. It is worse in active disease, but improvement after successful therapy is often incomplete, due to persistent physical and psychological co-morbidities, even years after endocrine “cure”. Physical symptoms like extreme fatigability, central obesity with limb atrophy, hypertension, fractures, and different skin abnormalities severely impair the affected patients’ everyday life. Psychological and cognitive problems like bad memory, difficulties to concentrate and emotional distress, often associated with anxiety and depression, make it difficult for many patients to overcome the aftermath of treated Cushing's syndrome. Recent studies have shown diffuse structural abnormalities in the central nervous system during active hypercortisolism, thought to be related to the wide distribution of glucocorticoid receptors throughout the brain. Even though they improve after treatment, normalization is often not complete. Shortening the exposure to active Cushing's syndrome by reducing the often long delay to diagnosis and promptly receiving effective treatment is highly desirable, together with preparing the patient for the difficult periods, especially after surgery. In this way they are prepared for the impairments they perceive in every day life, and live with the hope of later improvement, which can be therapeutic in many instances.     

视频化健康教育在乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎患者中的应用效果研究*

目的 研究视频化健康教育在乙型肝炎病毒相关肾炎（HBV-GN）患者中的应用效果。方法 2014年12月~2016年12月我院肾内科收治的HBV-GN患者61例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组30例和观察组31例。给予对照组常规健康教育,在观察组,给予视频化健康教育,观察24 w。采用ELISA法检测血清γ干扰素（IFN-γ）和白细胞介素-4（1L-4）。采用Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）进行焦虑和抑郁评分。结果 干预后,观察组患者血肌酐（sCr）水平为（214.6±111.2）μmol/L,明显低于对照组的[（365.4±103.9） μmol/L,P<0.01];24 h尿蛋白定量为（0.5±1.2） g/L,显著低于对照组的[（1.2±1.1）g/L,P<0.05];血清IL-4水平为（67.9±15.5） pg/L,显著低于对照组的 [（89.±29.7） pg/L,P<0.05],而IFN-γ水平为（49.6±12.1） pg/L,显著高于对照组的[（30.2±11.4） pg/L,P<0.05];观察组患者SAS和SDS评分分别为（35.6±4.2）和（40.3±3.2）,显著低于对照组[分别为（43.6±4.7）和（47.9±5.8）,P<0.05]。结论 视频化健康教育能够帮助改善HBV-GN患者肝肾功能,降低血清细胞因子水平,减轻患者焦虑和抑郁情绪。     

Association of depression,anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder with migraine: Data from Kosovo

Introduction

Migraine is ranked as the seventh leading cause of disability worldwide, and it is characterized by a manifestation of combined neurological, gastrointestinal, and autonomic symptoms linked with different provoking factors.

Identifying Unmet Rehabilitation Needs in Patients After Stroke With a Graphic Rehab-CompassTM

Background

Unmet rehabilitation needs are common among stroke survivors. We aimed to evaluate whether a comprehensive graphic “Rehab-Compass,” a novel combination of structured patient-reported outcome measures, was feasible and useful in facilitating a capture of patients' rehabilitation needs in clinical practice.